Object Oriented Programming

Object Oriented Programming is a programming approach where we subdivide a problem domain in small chunks(objects) and these objects interact with each other. There are three central concepts to understand the Object Oriented Programming.

1. Encapsulation :- Encapsulation is a process of accessing data through functions inside of a class. Basically, validation and integrity of a class can be done in this process.  
2. Inheritance :- Inheritance is a relationship between classes where one class shares its entire structure with another class.  We called new class derived class and already existing class a base class. A programmer can add additional features in a new class, actually adding new feature is the whole purpose of created a derived class. 
3. Polymorphism:- Ploymorphism is the ability of using a function in different ways.  Poly, referring to many, signifies the many uses of these operators and methods. A single method usage or an operator functioning in many ways can be called polymorphism.